PARTNERSHIP AND COLLABORATION IN WORK-ORIENTED LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28925/2518-7635.2017.2.20Keywords:
work-related learning, higher education, VET, permeability, external stakeholders, EU, attainment, labour markets, partnership.Abstract
The paper reports preliminary findings from an EU funded project on collaboration and partnership between external stakeholders and universities to deliver work-related learning to adults with existing labour market experience in order to increase skills and competences for the knowledge economy as envisaged in Agenda 2020. The paper engages with debates on the professionalization of vocational education and consequently the vocationalisation of university education. It reports relevant data for the six partner countries of the LETAE project and EU averages to provide some context to debates about relative levels of attainment and labour market position. It briefly introduces some data drawn from case studies of work-related learning in higher education delivered in partnership or collaboration with external stakeholders including local authorities, trade unions, and individual enterprises.
Downloads
References
Allen, M. (2015). ‘Hard Labour’: Young people moving into work in difficult times. Radicaled Books. Retrieved from https://radicaledbks.files.wordpress.com/2013/09/hard-labour-oct-151.pdf
Bartlett, W. (2013). Skill Mismatch, Education Systems, and Labour Markets in EU Neighbourhood Policy countries. Sharing KnowledgE Assets: InteRregionally Cohesive NeigHborhoods (SEARCH) WP5.20. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://www.ub.edu/searchproject/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/WP05.20.pdf
Bell, D. N. F., & Blanchflower, D. G. (2013). Under-employment in the UK revisited. National Institute Economic Review 224(1): F8–F21.
Borbély-Pecze, T. B., & Hutchinson, J. (2014). Work-based Learning and Lifelong Guidance Policies. ELGPN Concept Note No. 5. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://www.elgpn.eu/publications/elgpn-concept-note-no.-5-work-based-learning-and-lifelong-guidance-policies
Buhr, R., Freitag, W., Hartmann, E. A., Loroff, C., Minks, K.-H., & Stamm-Riemer, I. (Eds.). (2008). Durchlässigkeit gestalten! Wege zwischen beruflicher und hochschulischer Bildung, Münster, Waxmann.
CEDEFOP (2011). Vocational education and training at higher qualification levels. Research Paper No 15. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://www.cedefop.europa.eu/ files/5515_en.pdf
CEDEFOP (2012). The development of ECVET in Europe. Luxembourg. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://www.cedefop.europa.eu/files/6114_en.pdf
Council of the European Union (2011). Council conclusions on the role of education and training in the implementation of the ‘Europe 2020’ strategy. (2011/C 70/01). In Official Journal of the European Union 4.3.2011 C 70/1 – 3. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=OJ:C:2011:070:TOC
Davies, P. (2007a). The Bologna Process and University Lifelong Learning: The State of Play and future Directions. Barcelona, Spain. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://www.eucen.eu/BeFlex/FinalReports/BeFlexFullReportPD.pdf
Davies, P. (2007b). The Bologna Process and University Lifelong Learning: The State of Play and future Directions. Executive Summary. Barcelona, Spain. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://www.eucen.eu/BeFlex/FinalReports/ ExecutiveSummaryWEBversion.pdf
Davies, P. (2009). From University Lifelong Learning (ULLL) to Lifelong Learning Universities (LLLU). BeFlex Plus – Progress on flexibility in the Bologna Reform. Executive Summary. Barcelona, Spain: EUCEN.
Devins, D. (2013a). A REVIEW OF CASE STUDY FINDINGS: Deliverable 4: Work Based Learning as an Integrated Curriculum (WBLIC). Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://www.wblic.org.uk/wblhe/files/WBLIC_Case_Study_Findings.pdf
Devins, D. (2013b). Overview of Work Based Learning in Europe. Deliverable 6: Work based learning as an Integrated Curriculum. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://www.wblic.org.uk/wblhe/files/WBLIC_Overview_of_WBL_in_Europe.pdf
De Viron, F., & Davies, P. (2014). From University Lifelong Learning to Lifelong Learning Universities - developing and implementing effective strategy. In Yang, J. & Schneller, C. & Roche, S. (Eds.). The Role of Higher Education in Promoting Lifelong Learning. UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning. Hamburg, Germany, 40–59.
EGEA Ministerial Conference (2015). The Bologna Process Revisited: the Future of the European Higher Education Area; Yerevan, Armenia.
EUNEC (2011). Participation and Stakeholder Involvement in Education Policy Making. Retrieved from http://www.eunec.eu/sites/www.eunec.eu/files/event/attachments/ report_brussels.pdf
Eurofound (2015). Upgrading or polarisation? Long-term and global shifts in the employment structure: European Jobs Monitor 2015. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://www.eurofound. europa.eu/sites/default/files/ef_publication/field_ef_document/ef1516en_0.pdf
(EC) European Commission (2006). Delivering on the Modernisation Agend for Universities: Education, Research and Innovation. Brussels, 10.5.2006. COM(2006) 208 final. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/invest-in-research/pdf/comuniv2006_en.pdf
(EC) European Commission, European Ministers for Vocational Education and Training; and European Social Partners (2010). The Bruges Communiqué on enhanced European Cooperation in Vocational Education and Training for the period 2011-2020. Bruges. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/education/lifelong-learning-policy/doc/vocational/bruges_en.pdf
(EC) European Commission (2011). Supporting growth and jobs – An agenda for the modernisation of Europe’s higher education systems. Brussels. COM (2011) 567 final. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52011DC0567&from=EN
EC (2012). Rethinking Education: Investing in skills for better socio-economic outcomes, COM (2012) 669 final. Retrieved from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52012DC0669&from=EN
EC (2012b). Employment and Social Developments in Europe 2012, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2012 (p. 31). Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/ social/BlobServlet?docId=9604&langId=en
(EC) European Commission (2013). Work-Based Learning In Europe: practice and policy pointers. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/education/opportunities/vocational/ documents/work-based-learning-in-europe_en.pdf
(EC) European Commission/EACEA/Eurydice (2015a). Adult Education and Training in Europe: Widening Access to Learning Opportunities. Eurydice Report. Luxembourg. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://eacea.ec.europa.eu/education/eurydice/documents/ thematic_reports/179EN.pdf
(EC) European Commission (2015b). ECTS Users’ Guide. Luxembourg. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/education/ects/users-guide/docs/ects-users-guide_en.pdf
European Ministers of Education (1999). Bologna Declaration. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from www.magna-charta.org/resources/files/BOLOGNA_DECLARATION.pdf
European Union (2011). Supporting growth and jobs – An agenda for the modernisation of Europe’s higher education systems. Brussels. COM (2011) 567 final.
Eurydice – European Commission (2014). National student fee and support systems in European higher education. 2014/15. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://bookshop.europa.eu/en/national-student-fee-and-support-systems-in-european-higher-education-pbECAE15001/downloads/EC-AE-15-001-EN-N/ECAE15001ENN_002.pdf?
FileName=ECAE15001ENN_002.pdf&SKU=ECAE15001ENN_PDF&CatalogueNumber=EC-AE-15-001-EN-N
Eurydice (2015). United Kingdom – Organisation of Private Education. Posted 07/01/105. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/fpfis/mwikis/eurydice/ index.php/United-Kingdom-England:Organisation_of_Private_Education
Field, J. et al. (2012). Life history approaches to access and retention of nontraditional students in higher education: A cross-European approach, European Journal for Research on the Education and Learning of Adults, 3 (1), 77–89.
Flisi, S. et al. (2014). Occupational mismatch in Europe: Understanding overeducation and overskilling for policy making. European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/ jrc/sites/default/files/occupational_mismatch_in_europe.pdf
Harwood, J. (2010). Understanding Academic Drift: On the Institutional Dynamics of Higher Technical and Professional Education. In Minerva; December 2010, Volume 48, Issue 4, 413–427.
Hippach-Schneider, U. (2014). Academisation or Vocational Drift? International developments in the tertiary sector of education. Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung (BIBB). Retrieved from https://www.bibb.de/dokumente/pdf/BWP_4-2014_HS_en.pdf
Hughes, T., Porter, A., Jones, S., & Sheen, J. (2013). Privately funded providers of higher education in the UK. BIS Research paper No. 111. London, UK. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/ file/207128/bis-13-900-privately-funded-providers-of-higher-education-in-the-UK.pdf
Kuhn, H.-J., Baethge, M., Hinz, P., Löhrmann, S., Poltermann, A., Stern, C., Tenorth, H.-E., & Volkholz, S. (2009). Bildungsgerechtigkeit im Lebenslauf – Damit Bildungsarmut nicht weiter vererbt wird. Berlin, Deutschland: Heinrich Böll Stiftung.
Krüger, K., & Jiménez, J. (2008). The social function of higher education in the social models of the European knowledge society. Final Report of NESOR Project. Barcelona, , Spain.
Kyvik, S. (2007). ‘Academic drift – A reinterpretation’, in: The Officers and Crew of HMS Network (Ed.), Towards a Cartography of Higher Education Policy Change. A Festschrift in Honour of Guy Neave, CHEPS: Enschede, 333–338.
Lafont, P., & Pariat, M. (2012). Review of the Recognition of Prior Learning in Member States in Europe. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://www.adam-europe.eu/prj/9626/prd/4/1/ReportReview%20Of%20The%20RPL%20In%20Member%20States%20In%20Europe.pdf
Leroux, J.-Y. (2014). The professionalisation of degree courses in France: New issues in an old debate. Higher Education Management and Policy, Vol. 24/3.
Mayer, K. U., & Solga, H. (Eds.) (2008). Skill formation: Interdisciplinary and cross-national perspectives. New York, US: Cambridge University Press.
Meyer, J. W., Ramirez, F.O., Rubinson, R., & John, Boli-Bennett (1977). The World Educational Revolution, 1950–1970. In Sociology of Education 50; October 1077, 242–258.
OECD (2012). Post-Secondary Vocational Education and Training: Pathways and Partnerships. Retrieved from http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/post-secondary-vocational-education-and-training_9789264097551-en
OECD (2014). Education at a Glance 2014: OECD Indicators. Paris.
Ramage, C. (2014). Learning to learn through university accredited work-based learning: a threshold conception; in Journal of Workplace Learning, Vol. 26 Issue: 8, 488–510.
Reeve, F., Gallacher, J., & Ingram, R. (2007). A comparative study of work‐based learning within Higher Nationals in Scotland and Foundation Degrees in England: contrast, complexity, continuity; in Journal of Education and Work. Vol. 20. Issue 4, 305–318.
Schofer, E., & Meyer, J. W. (2005). The Worldwide Expansion of Higher Education in the Twentieth Century. In American Sociological Review, 70, 898–920.
Scottish Funding Council (2014). Higher Education Students and Qualifiers at Scottish Institutions, 2012‐13. SFC Statistical publication. Posted 27 March 2014, Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from http://www.sfc.ac.uk/web/FILES/Statistical_publications_ SFCST042014_HigherEducationStudentsandQualifiersatS/Higher_Education_Students_and_Qualifiers_at_Scottish_Institutions_2012-13_31_March.pdf
Skorstad, E. J., & Ramsdal, H. (Eds.) (2009). Flexible Organizations and the New Working Life: A European Perspective. Farnham, UK: Ashgate, 193.
Smeby, J.-C. (2015). Academic drift in vocational education? In Smeby, J.-C., & Sutphen, M. (2015). From Vocational to Professional Education. Educating for social welfare. Oxon/New York. For the area of social work in Germany see Kruse, E. (2003). Stufen zur Akademisierung. Dissertation. Siegen.
Smidt, H., & Sursock, A. (2011). Engaging in Lifelong Learning: Shaping Inclusive and Responsive University Strategies. Brussels: European University Association. Also on line. Retrieved from http://www.eua.be/pubs/Engaging_in_Lifelong_Learning.pdf
Solga, H. (2009). Der Blick nach vorn: Herausforderungen an das deutsche Ausbildungssystem. WZB Discussion Paper SP I 2009–507. Berlin, , Deutschland, Social Science Research Center (WZB).
Standing, G. (2011). The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class. London, UK.
Streeck, W. (2012). Skills and Politics: General and Specific. IN Busemeyer, M. R., & Trampusch, C. (Eds.). The Political Economy of Collective Skill Formation. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 317–352.
Sursock, A., & Smidt, H. (2010). Trends 2010: A decade of change in European Higher Education. Brussels. Consulted 19/09/2916. Retrieved from http://eua.be/Libraries/publications-homepage-list/trends_2010049364ca84b96a879ce5ff00009465c7.pdf?sfvrsn=0
Teichler, U. (1999). Higher education policy and the world of work: changing conditions and challenges; in Higher Education Policy, 12, 285–312.
Teichler, U. (2007). Does Higher Education Matter? Lessons from a Comparative Graduate Survey. European Journal of Education, 42, 1.
Trow, M. A. (1974). Problems in the Transition from Elite to Mass Higher Education. Carnegie Commission on Higher Education Berkeley
Trow, M. A. (2005) Reflections on the Transition from Elite to Mass to Universal Access: Forms and Phases of Higher Education in Modern Societies since WWII in ALTBACH, P (ed.) International Handbook of Higher Education. pp 243-280. It is republished as Trow, M. A. (2010) Problems in the transition from Elite to Mass Education. in Burrage, M. (2010) Martin Trow. Twentieth Century higher education. From elite to Mass to Universal.
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2012). International Standard Classification of Education. ISCED 2011. Montreal, Canada. Retrieved from http://www.uis.unesco.org/ Education/Documents/isced-2011-en.pdf
Windolf (1992). Cycle of expansion in higher education 1870 – 1985: an international comparison; in Higher education 23; pp: 3–19.
Yang, J., Schneller, C., & Roche, S. (Eds.) (2015). The Role of Higher Education in Promoting Lifelong Learning. UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning. Hamburg
Yin, R. K. (1994). Case study research. Design and Methods. London.
Yorke, M., & Knight, P. T. (2006). Embedding employability into the curriculum. The Higher Education Academy. Learning and Employability Series 1. Consulted 19/09/2016. Retrieved from https://www.heacademy.ac.uk/system/files/id460_embedding_ employability_into_the_curriculum_338.pdf